LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Grondlegginge ter Teekenkonst, Zynde een korte en zeekere weg om door middel van de Geometrie of Meetkunde, de Teeken-konst volkomen te leeren, Door Gerard De Lairesse, Eerste Deel, Amsterdam, Willem de Coup, 1701.

Getty Research Institute Los Angeles NC705 .L18 1701er Frontispice Images hors-texte Images in-texte 365 quotations 211 terms
Gerard De Lairesse (Liège 1640 – Amsterdam 1711) was instructed to become a painter by Bertholet de Flemalle in Liège.[1] He settled in Amsterdam in 1665 and became a successful painter, mainly known for history paintings with mythological and allegorical subjects. He had many pupils, amongst others Jan Goeree (Willem Goeree’s son). In 1689, he became blind, forcing him to abandon his profession. He decided to continue instructing young painters and started an informal academy. Within the context of this academy, or ‘vergaadering in myn huys’ (gathering in my house), he wrote the Grondlegginge and later the Groot Schilderboek.

De Lairesse is most famous for being the author of the Groot Schilderboek (1st ed. 1707, see the analysis of the 1712 edition in this database). However, before devoting himself to his magnum opum, he wrote a smaller treatise on the Art of Drawing, the Grondlegginge ter Teekenkonst, which was published in 1701 with Willem De Coup (who would later also publish the Groot Schilderboek). Because of De Lairesse’s blindness and his self-confessed inability to express himself well in neither French (his native language) nor Dutch (his adoptive language), it is probable that the actual writing was done with the assistance of his two sons.[2] In fact, we find more terms with French origins in De Lairesse’s texts than in the work of his contemporaries (although he also currently used Germanic terms). The treatise enjoyed considerable success and was reprinted several times in Dutch. Just like the Groot Schilderboek, the Grondlegginge was translated into German (1st ed. 1705), as well as French (1st ed.1719) and English (1st ed. 1777) and enjoyed several editions.[3]  Only the German edition, translated by Samuel Theodor Gericke for the newly founded Berlin academy, included both parts of the treatise.

The Grondlegginge ter Teekenkonst is divided into two parts, each divided into sections (resp. lessons and propositions). De Lairesse deemed the information that he provides in the Grondlegginge necessary for an artist’s education, working from the assumption that one can only become a good painter after having learnt to be a good draughtsman. The first book consists of twelve basic lessons, addressing subjects like how to draw a line and simple shapes, gradually moving to more complex shapes and techniques like how to use hatching, create adequate perspective and shadows. In the second part, he provides descriptions of more complex propositions and interweaves his instruction with a dialogue between a slightly conceited young painter and a wiser elderly draughtsman regarding the apprenticeship and metier of artist. A couple of simple engraved drawings are included in the book in order to clarify De Lairesse’s instructions or, as he phrases it: ‘I also had plates added, to aid youth’s weak understanding.’[4]
 
Marije Osnabrugge
 
 
[1] See RKD Explore (https://rkd.nl/explore/artists/47470) and general bibliography on De Lairesse.
[2] See the introductions to both treatises for De Lairesse’s remarks on the way the books were conceived.
[3] For more information on the translations, see: MAES, 2018 (especially regarding the illustrations in the different editions); and OSNABRUGGE, forthcoming 2018. An earlier English translation of the treatise was part of a compilation of art theoretical texts (which enjoyed several reprints).
[4] De Lairesse 1701, [‘Noodzakelyk Voorbericht aan den Lezer’, unpaginated]: ‘Ik heb daar mede platen in laaten stellen, omde zwakheid van het begrip der jonge jeugt, te hulp te koomen, (…)’.
in-4 dutch

Dedication
Aan de Konstlievende Heeren van ons Konstgenootschap

Structure
Ode at p. *1
Dédicace(s) at p.*2-*4
Ode at p. *5-*9
Ode at 19
Ode at p. *11
Avis au lecteur at p. *12-13
Avant-propos at 36-37
Ode at 69

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Grondlegginge ter teekenkonst : zynde een korte en zekere weg om door middel van de geometrie of meetkunde de teekenkonst volkomen te leeren, Door Gerard de Lairesse, Tweede Druk, Amsterdam, Rudolf en Gerard Wetstein, 1713.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Grondlegginge ter teekenkonst : synde een korte en zekere weg om door middel van de geometrie of meetkunde, de teekenkonst volkomen te leeren, Amsterdam, Jan Hartig, 1727.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Grondlegginge der teeken-konst, zynde een korte een zeekere weg om door middel van de geometrie of meetkunde, de teeken-konst volkomen te leeren, Amsterdam, Gerrit Tielenburg, 1766.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Anleitung zur Zeichenkunst: wie man dieselbe durch Hülffe der Geometrie grundlich und vollkommen erlernen könne, trad. par GERICKE, Samuel Theodor, Berlin, Wilhelm van Langefeld, 1705.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Les Principes du Dessein ou Methode courte et facile Pour apprendre cet Art en peu de tems, Par le fameux Gerard de Lairesse, Amsterdam, David Mortier, 1719.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Grundlegung zur Zeichen-Kunst: Das ist, Kurtzer und sicherer Weg, durch welchen das Zeichnen vermittelst der Geometrie oder Meßkunst, vollkömmlich erlernet werden kan. Den Mahlern, Kupferstechern, Bildhauern, Land-Messern, der Architectur geflissenen [et]c. und allen übrigen curiosen Liebhabern zum besten, Nürnberg, Johann Christoph Weigel, 1727.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Les Principes du Dessein ou Methode courte et facile Pour apprendre cet Art en peu de tems, Par le fameux Gerard de Lairesse, Amsterdam, Le Cene, 1729.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Neueröffnete Schule der Zeichnungskunst, worinnen die Anfangsgründe derselben nach einer leichten und kurzen Art nicht allein beschrieben werden, sondern auch in 120 Kupfertafeln gezeiget wird, wie man zur Vollkommenheit dieser angenehmen Kunst gelangen kann : nebst einem Berichte von Zubereitung und Gebrauche der Wasserfarben, Leipzig, Arkstée & Merkus, 1745.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Les Principes du Dessein ou Methode courte et facile Pour apprendre cet Art en peu de tems, Par le fameux Gerard de Lairesse, Leipzig - Amsterdam, Arkstée & Merkus, 1746.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Gründliche Anleitung zur Zeichenkunst. Aus dem holländischen übersezt. Neue und verbesserte Auflage. Mit Kupfern, Nürnberg, Christoph Weigel, 1780.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Gründliche Anleitung zur Zeichnungskunst oder kurzer und sicherer Weg durch geometrische Regeln diese Kunst vollkommen zu erlernen: aus dem Holländischen übersezt, mit Kupfern, Nürnberg, Schneider und Weigels, 1804.

OSNABRUGGE, Marije, « German Translations of Dutch Art Literature: Goeree, Beurs and De Lairesse », dans VAN LEEUWEN, Rieke (éd.), La Haye, RKD, forthcoming 2018 [En ligne : http://www.rkdmonographs.nl/ consulté le 31/12/2017].

DE VRIES, Lyckle, Gerard de Lairesse: An Artist between Stage and Studio, Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Press, 1998.

DE VRIES, Lyckle, « Gerard de Lairesse: The Critical Vocabulary of an Art Theorist », Oud Holland, 117/1-2, 2004, p. 79-98 [En ligne : http://www.jstor.org/stable/42711687 consulté le 30/03/2018].

DE VRIES, Lyckle, How to Create Beauty: De Lairesse on the Theory and Practice of Making Art, Leiden, Primavera press, 2011.

MAËS, Gaëtane, « Les 'Principes du dessin' de Gerard de Lairesse : réflexions sur les différentes éditions et traductions parues dans l'Europe des Lumières », dans HECK, Michèle-Caroline, FREYSSINET, Marianne et TROUVÉ, Stéphanie (éd.), Lexicographie artistique : formes, usages et enjeux dans l'Europe moderne , Actes du colloque de Montpellier et Paris, Montpellier, PULM, 2018, p. 139-167 [En ligne : dx.doi.org/10.26530/OAPEN_644313 consulté le 15/03/2018].

FILTERS

QUOTATIONS

Gelyk het Alphabet of kennis der Letteren, de eerste Inleidinge van de Letterkonst is, zo is desgelijks de Meetkunde het eerste beginzel die ons tot de Teekenkonst geleid, buiten de welke het gantsch onmoogelyk is, om daar toe, zoo wel als tot andere Konsten of weetenschappen, te geraaken.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Like the alphabet or the knowledge of the letters is the first introduction to Literature, similarly Geometry is the first principle that leads us to the Art of Drawing, without which it is completely impossible to reach it, or the other Arts or sciences.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Like the alphabet or the knowledge of the letters is the first introduction to Literature, similarly Geometry is the first principle that leads us to the Art of Drawing, without which it is completely impossible to reach it, or the other Arts or sciences.

Conceptual field(s)

PEINTURE, TABLEAU, IMAGE → définition du dessin

Tien jaar om het verstand te rypen, en den geest op te wekken, is twee en twintig. Tien jaar om het leeven te onderzoeken en t’ordineeren, is twee en dertig; dan noch tien om uit te munten in ’t algemeen, zo in Theorie als Practyk, maakt zaamen twee en veertig, die nu vyftig, en meer bereiken kan, zyn de jaaren om een doorlugtigen naam, eer en geld te verkrygen. Zo is ’t dat ik de koers gereekent, of liever verdeeld heb, van een braaf Schilder, of Konstenaars leeven. Doch den Heemel beschikt het naar zyn welgevallen, helpt den eenen wat vroeg, en den anderen wat laater, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, dat is, zonder bequaamheid is ’t vergeefs gearbeid. Dierhalven zo leert ons de ervarentheid, dat de alderbeste middelen om in de Teekenkonst te vorderen is, wanneer men jong zynde, een bequaame geest, goed onderwys, en een volstandige naarstigheid heeft: waar van de laatste, de moeielykste dingen, gemakkelijk doet worden.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
SPECTATEUR → marché de l'art
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

SPECTATEUR → marché de l'art
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

In the French translation (1719), this term is translated as 'le genre de vie'. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
SPECTATEUR → marché de l'art
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

theorie

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

praktijk

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Ten years to ripen the mind and incite the spirit, makes twenty-two. Ten years to investigate the life and to compose, makes thirty-two; then another ten to excel in general, both in Theory and Practice, makes forty-two, he who can reach fifty, which are the years to obtain an illustrious name, honour and money. This is how I count, or rather divide, the course of the life of a good Painter or Artist. Yet the Heaven determines it to its own desire, helps one [ndr: artist] a bit early, the other somewhat later, absque ingenio, labor inutilis, that is: without aptitude labour is in vain. Therefore the experience teaches us, that the best means to advance in the Art of Drawing is to have an adequate spirit, good instruction and enduring diligence: the latter makes the hardest things easy.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
L’ARTISTE → apprentissage

[…] want zonder die eerste Gronden der Konsten te verstaan, is het onmoogelyk in haaren weg of loop te vorderen, verre van haare volmaaktheid, en toppunt te konnen bereiken. De eerste beginselen nu der Teecken-konst, bestaan uyt het kennen en maaken van trekken, verscheidentlyk gehaalt, dat dan ook als het A B C der meetkunde is. Dus brengen wy hier den Leerlingen voor ’t ooge, [ndr: reference to illustration] […] Van alle deeze linien en trekken, moeten de eerste Beginners, zich aanstonds een vast denkbeeld maken;

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] because without understanding those first principles of the Arts, it is impossible to improve one’s way or course, let alone to be able to reach perfection and the top. Now the first principles of the Art of Drawing, consist of the knowing and making of strokes, done in different ways, which is likewise the ABC of geometry. Thus we show these to the Pupiles, […] Of all these lines and strokes, the initial beginners should quickly form an image [ndr: in their mind];

grond

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] because without understanding those first principles of the Arts, it is impossible to improve one’s way or course, let alone to be able to reach perfection and the top. Now the first principles of the Art of Drawing, consist of the knowing and making of strokes, done in different ways, which is likewise the ABC of geometry. Thus we show these to the Pupiles, […] Of all these lines and strokes, the initial beginners should quickly form an image [ndr: in their mind];

beginsel

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] because without understanding those first principles of the Arts, it is impossible to improve one’s way or course, let alone to be able to reach perfection and the top. Now the first principles of the Art of Drawing, consist of the knowing and making of strokes, done in different ways, which is likewise the ABC of geometry. Thus we show these to the Pupiles, […] Of all these lines and strokes, the initial beginners should quickly form an image [ndr: in their mind];

trek

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] because without understanding those first principles of the Arts, it is impossible to improve one’s way or course, let alone to be able to reach perfection and the top. Now the first principles of the Art of Drawing, consist of the knowing and making of strokes, done in different ways, which is likewise the ABC of geometry. Thus we show these to the Pupiles, […] Of all these lines and strokes, the initial beginners should quickly form an image [ndr: in their mind];

lijn

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → dessin

Doch aangezien zy niet alleen de bespiegeling der Kunst; maar veel meer ook haare oeffening moeten bekoomen, kan de meester hun de eerste beginselen der handeling leeren op een ley, waar op hy de leerlingen, deze linien met een grieffie laat naatrekken; die dan dezelve in een reis drie of vier, alle fix zullen konnen volgen; en haapert’er noch wat aan, zo kan de meester ligt, neevens de aanwyzinge van de handgreep, of ’t houden der griffie, hen het stout en glad trekken op de leye, naader aantoonen;

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Yet, as they should not only obtain a reflection on the Art; but rather its practice, the master can teach them the first principles of handling on a slate, on which he makes the pupils trace these lines with a pen; who will then be able to follow them firmly after three or four times; and if something is lacking, the master can easily, besides the indication of the handle [ndr: the way of holding], or the holding of the pen, further show them how to draw strongly and smoothly on the slate;

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Yet, as they should not only obtain a reflection on the Art; but rather its practice, the master can teach them the first principles of handling on a slate, on which he makes the pupils trace these lines with a pen; who will then be able to follow them firmly after three or four times; and if something is lacking, the master can easily, besides the indication of the handle [ndr: the way of holding], or the holding of the pen, further show them how to draw strongly and smoothly on the slate;

Conceptual field(s)

MANIÈRE ET STYLE → le faire et la main
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Yet, as they should not only obtain a reflection on the Art; but rather its practice, the master can teach them the first principles of handling on a slate, on which he makes the pupils trace these lines with a pen; who will then be able to follow them firmly after three or four times; and if something is lacking, the master can easily, besides the indication of the handle [ndr: the way of holding], or the holding of the pen, further show them how to draw strongly and smoothly on the slate;

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Yet, as they should not only obtain a reflection on the Art; but rather its practice, the master can teach them the first principles of handling on a slate, on which he makes the pupils trace these lines with a pen; who will then be able to follow them firmly after three or four times; and if something is lacking, the master can easily, besides the indication of the handle [ndr: the way of holding], or the holding of the pen, further show them how to draw strongly and smoothly on the slate;

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage

Een voorzichtig meester, middelerwyl, moet van den beginne aan, wel en naauwkeurig letten, op de neiging en inborst der leerlingen; op dat hy, schoon ze in veelerlei opzigt strydig zyn, echter met allen zyn oogmerk bereike. Hy moet ook weten, op hoedanigen wys men de onderwyzinge der jeugt, na de hoedanigheid haar’er begrip, met voordeel zal toepassen.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Meanwhile, a careful master, should pay attention from the start, to the inclination and nature of the pupils; in order for him, as they are in many ways contradictory, may reach his goal with all [ndr: of the pupils]. He should also know how to successfully apply the instruction of the youth, according to the state of their understanding.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Meanwhile, a careful master, should pay attention from the start, to the inclination and nature of the pupils; in order for him, as they are in many ways contradictory, may reach his goal with all [ndr: of the pupils]. He should also know how to successfully apply the instruction of the youth, according to the state of their understanding.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Meanwhile, a careful master, should pay attention from the start, to the inclination and nature of the pupils; in order for him, as they are in many ways contradictory, may reach his goal with all [ndr: of the pupils]. He should also know how to successfully apply the instruction of the youth, according to the state of their understanding.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Meanwhile, a careful master, should pay attention from the start, to the inclination and nature of the pupils; in order for him, as they are in many ways contradictory, may reach his goal with all [ndr: of the pupils]. He should also know how to successfully apply the instruction of the youth, according to the state of their understanding.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Meanwhile, a careful master, should pay attention from the start, to the inclination and nature of the pupils; in order for him, as they are in many ways contradictory, may reach his goal with all [ndr: of the pupils]. He should also know how to successfully apply the instruction of the youth, according to the state of their understanding.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage

Eerstelyk moetmen dan noodzaakelyk overzien, of die linien zo zyn alze moeten weezen, en met de streepen die wel getrokken zyn te pryzen, moedigt men de jeugt aan, die niet zyn alze behooren, moetmen niet al te veel verachten, maar hen aandringen, omze op nieus, en beter te maaken. Dit wekt de lust en iever dan t’elkens op. Een goed Meester ontziet zich niet de Leerlingen te onderwyzen, voor te gaan, en zelfs streepen maakende hen te zeggen, zo moet’et gedaan weezen, Jongelingen, zo gy ’t wel wilt doen. Want het voordoen, heeft meerder kracht en grooter vermogen ontrent de Leerlingen die eerst beginnen, dan eenige onderrigtinge die in lessen bestaan; de reeden daar van is, dat zy zich beeter met de oogen, dan met het verstand kunnen helpen.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
SPECTATEUR → perception et regard
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Firstly it is necessary to see whether the lines are as they should be, and by praising the streaks that are well done, one encourages the youth, those [ndr: lines] that are not as they should be should not be despised too much, but they [ndr: the pupils] should be solicited to make them again and better. This incites the desire and diligence every time. A good Master does not spare himself to instruct the pupils by preceding them and by saying – while making streaks himself – it should be done this way, Boys, if you want to do it well. Because setting the example has more force and greater power with regard to the pupils who are just starting, than any instruction that consists of lessons; the reason for this is that they can help themselves better with the eyes, than with the mind.

This section is more elaborate in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
SPECTATEUR → connaissance

Zo stapt den Jongeling, door een geestigen aart aangedreeven bly en luchtig, en van trap tot trap, tot de zichtbaarheeden der natuur, ende heldre bespiegelingen, daar hy zijn natuurlijke neiging toe voelt trekken, terwyl hy bevind dat Natuur en Kunst, hem beide beginnen toe te lacchen, en aan te dryven, tot hoe langs hoe grooter zaaken, daar hy door begeerte en iever toe aangelokt werd.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

natuur

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
L’ARTISTE → règles et préceptes
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

kunst

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the young man, driven by a spirited nature, moves happily and loosely from step to step, towards the visibilities of nature and clear reflections, to which he feels his natural inclination drawn, while he feels that Nature and Art both start to smile at him, and push him towards the more the greater things to which he is seduced by desire and diligence.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités

[…] want wie geen goed Meester heeft, zal een kwaad navolger zijn. Daarom is het noodig, dat men de Jeugt al vroeg een verstandig Meester geeft, onder wiens ervarentheid en grondige lessen, zy een waare kennis; en niet de uiterlyke schyn der Konst mogte verkrygen.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] because he who has no good Master, will be a bad follower. Therefore it is necessary, that one gives the youth a wise Master early on, under whose experience and thorough lessons they may obtain a true knowledge and not the outward appearance of Art.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage

Zo dat het met recht wel te beklaagen is, dat wy daagelijks zo veel bequaame geesten, tot broddelaars zien worden, en dat alleenig door slecht onderwys. ’t Is wel waar dat de Natuur veel macht heeft, buiten d’onderwyzinge: maar men moet ook vast stellen, dat het onderwys, zonder hulp van de Natuur, kragteloos is: Want de Natuur is blind, zo de Konst haar oogen niet oopent.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Such that is truly to be regretted that we daily witness so many adequate minds turn into botchers, and this only because of bad instruction. It is true that Nature has a lot of power, besides the instruction: but we have to admit, that instruction is powerless without the help of Nature: Because Nature is blind, if Art does not open her eyes.

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Such that is truly to be regretted that we daily witness so many adequate minds turn into botchers, and this only because of bad instruction. It is true that Nature has a lot of power, besides the instruction: but we have to admit, that instruction is powerless without the help of Nature: Because Nature is blind, if Art does not open her eyes.

In the German translation, the translator added ‘durch gutte Regeln’ behind Kunst, to clarify the term. [MO]

natuur

Conceptual field(s)

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Such that is truly to be regretted that we daily witness so many adequate minds turn into botchers, and this only because of bad instruction. It is true that Nature has a lot of power, besides the instruction: but we have to admit, that instruction is powerless without the help of Nature: Because Nature is blind, if Art does not open her eyes.

konst

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Such that is truly to be regretted that we daily witness so many adequate minds turn into botchers, and this only because of bad instruction. It is true that Nature has a lot of power, besides the instruction: but we have to admit, that instruction is powerless without the help of Nature: Because Nature is blind, if Art does not open her eyes.

In the French translation, the translator used the adjective 'mal-instruit'. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage

Dus zal men alles naar de Wiskunde schikken, op dat ‘er niets aan haapere, en dit zal met ‘er tyd, ook zulk een vaste handeling veroorzaaken, dat men altyd wisse trekken zal geeven, in alle voorkoomende zaaken, ’t zy men die schetze of in ’t net stelle, daar men deze kleine beginzelen voorby gaande, niet anders als in ’t wild schermd, en nooit tot volkoome kennis, ontrent de zekerheid en vastigheid geraaken kan.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] So one should order [ndr: do] everything according to Mathematics, so nothing is lacking, and with time this will cause such a steady handling, that one will always provide strong strokes, in all occurring cases, whether they are sketched or neatly [ndr: in the final version], as – if one neglects these small principles – one does nothing but work at random, and will never obtain perfect knowledge regarding the certainty and steadiness.

Conceptual field(s)

MANIÈRE ET STYLE → le faire et la main
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] So one should order [ndr: do] everything according to Mathematics, so nothing is lacking, and with time this will cause such a steady handling, that one will always provide strong strokes, in all occurring cases, whether they are sketched or neatly [ndr: in the final version], as – if one neglects these small principles – one does nothing but work at random, and will never obtain perfect knowledge regarding the certainty and steadiness.

Conceptual field(s)

MANIÈRE ET STYLE → le faire et la main
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] So one should order [ndr: do] everything according to Mathematics, so nothing is lacking, and with time this will cause such a steady handling, that one will always provide strong strokes, in all occurring cases, whether they are sketched or neatly [ndr: in the final version], as – if one neglects these small principles – one does nothing but work at random, and will never obtain perfect knowledge regarding the certainty and steadiness.

Conceptual field(s)

MANIÈRE ET STYLE → le faire et la main

Men neem nu in acht dat die dwarsse, welke door het stuk loopt, Horizont genaamt word; en het Oogje, het oogpunt. [ndr: reference to illustration] De Linien, die uit dezelve voortkoomen, al waaren ‘er noch zo veel, zijn Oogstralen. De Dwarsstreep, die daar onder regt door loopt, is de Bazis of Grondlinie. De twee streepjes aan weerzyden den Horizont, noemtmen Distantie. Aldus geeven wy elk hune eigen benaamingen. Deze moetmen geduurig nazien; om dezelve van buiten te kennen, en zo het gebeurt, dat ‘er een dwarsse linie tusschen de Bazis en den Horisont is, dan zegtmen Paralel aan den Horizont, doch zo dezelve heel laag is, dan noemt men die Paralel aan de Bazis.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

grondlijn

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

basislijn

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One observes that this transversal [ndr: line] that runs through the piece, is called Horizon; and the little eye, the point of view. The lines that come from it, even if there are many, are eye beams. The transversal line, which runs straight through it, is the basic or ground line. The two lines on either side of the Horizon, is called distance. As such we give each their proper name. One should review these at length; to learn them inside out, and if it happens that there is a transversal line between the Basis and the Horizon, one calls it parallel to the horizon, but if it is very low, one calls it parallel to the Basis.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → composition
EFFET PICTURAL → perspective

De Printen geeft men hen voor eerst, om zich te vermaaken, in het bezien deezer Kunst. Ten tweede om de Geest op te wakkeren. Ten derde, verwekt het in hen een nieuwe lust, door de veranderinge der gedagten t’aanschouwen, […] Ja wie zou niet door iever en Leerzucht, aangenoopt en geprikkeld werden, die al de naavolgende Deugden, dog niet alle gelyk, in voornaame Printen komt t’aanschouwen. Als een grootse gedagten. Fraaye verkiezinge. Welgekooze schoone naaktens. Graaçelijke Actien. Natuurlijke beweeginge en passien. Lieffelyke Vrouwebeelden. Welgeschikte kleedinge en plooyen. Aandachtige en bevallige weezens. Goede Houdinge. Cierlyke Architectuur. Aardig Bywerk. […] en al ’t geen wat in volmaakte Printen kan gevonden worden. Maar dat alles ziet men ook, en noch beeter, in uitgevoerde Teekeningen, door een verstandige hand gewrocht. Daar en booven heeft men noch een merkelijk grooter voordeel in de Teekeningen te beschouwen, want daar uit leert men een fraaye, kloeke, en wakkere manier of Handelinge, ’t geen in de Printen niet te zien is, te meer wyl de artzeeringe daar alle verkeerd, en teegens de hand loopen.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One first gives them the prints, to entertain them, in observing this Art. Secondly to incite the Mind. Thirdly, it causes a renewed desire in them, by observing the change of ideas, […] Yes who would not be induced and provoked by diligence and a desire to learn, who sees all the following virtues – yet not all at once – in illustrious prints. Such as a great idea, a beautiful choice, well-chosen beautiful nudes, graceful actions, natural movement and passions, lovely female figures, well-composed clothing and folds, careful and delightful figures, good harmony, graceful architecture, nice ornament. […] and everything that can be found in perfect Prints. But all of this can also be seen, and even better, in executed Drawings, made by a sensible hand. Moreover, there is an important other advantage in Drawings, because it also teaches you a beautiful, strong and quick manner or Handling, which cannot be seen in prints, more so because the hatching is wrong and mirrored [ndr: literally: against the hand].

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
PEINTURE, TABLEAU, IMAGE → définition de la gravure
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] One first gives them the prints, to entertain them, in observing this Art. Secondly to incite the Mind. Thirdly, it causes a renewed desire in them, by observing the change of ideas, […] Yes who would not be induced and provoked by diligence and a desire to learn, who sees all the following virtues – yet not all at once – in illustrious prints. Such as a great idea, a beautiful choice, well-chosen beautiful nudes, graceful actions, natural movement and passions, lovely female figures, well-composed clothing and folds, careful and delightful figures, good harmony, graceful architecture, nice ornament. […] and everything that can be found in perfect Prints. But all of this can also be seen, and even better, in executed Drawings, made by a sensible hand. Moreover, there is an important other advantage in Drawings, because it also teaches you a beautiful, strong and quick manner or Handling, which cannot be seen in prints, more so because the hatching is wrong and mirrored [ndr: literally: against the hand].

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
PEINTURE, TABLEAU, IMAGE → définition du dessin

Zy word van de natuur verkozen, en is van de bevalligheeden altyt geoeffent, om de waereld uitmuntende mannen te leeveren, voornamentlyk in deze Edele Konst, die zo veel Weetenschappen in zich behelst: Ja ik derf zeggen, dat ‘er geen Konst of Weetenschap in de waereld hoorde te zijn, of een volmaakt Schilder, dienden ‘er eenige kennis van te hebben. De Natuur verschaft aan de vaardige geesten, meer voordeel, dan de Leer-oeffening, aan d’anderen. Vind men niet meer voorbeelden van Doorluchtige Meesters in deze Konst, die op den hoogsten top geklommen zyn geweest, welke vrolijk en vol snakeryen waaren: dan van de geenen, die een zwaarmoedigen aart hadden? Raphael, Polidoor da Caravaggio, Leonard da Vinci, Peryndel Vaga, Parmezan, Primaticcio, Pietro de Corton, Tintoret, Giorgon, Lodewyk en Annibal Carats, Albaan, Bassan, Lanfranc, en meer andere; zyn die niet alle vrolijk en vaardig van geest geweest?

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

PEINTURE, TABLEAU, IMAGE → définition de la peinture
CONCEPTS ESTHETIQUES → grandeur et noblesse
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

PEINTURE, TABLEAU, IMAGE → définition de la peinture
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

natuur

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → apprentissage
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

leeroefening

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités
CONCEPTS ESTHETIQUES → beauté, grâce et perfection
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] They [ndr: talented artists] are naturally preferred and is always trained in beauty, to provide the world excellent men, especially in this Noble Art, which contains so many sciences: Yes I dare say, that there should be no Art or Science in the world, or a perfect Painter should have some knowledge of it. Nature provides the apt minds more advantage than the practice of learning provides to others. Does one not find more examples of illustrious Masters in this Art, who have climbed to the highest summit, who were happy and full of joy: than of those, who had a melancholic nature? Raphael, Polidoro da Caravaggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Perino del Vaga, Parmigianino, Primaticcio, Pietro da Cortona, Tintoretto, Giorgione, Ludovico and Annibale Carracci, Francesco Albano, Bassano, Lanfranco and many others; have they not all been happy and apt of mind?

It is unclear what exactly 'Zy' in the first sentence is refering to. This paragraph is ordered differently in the German translation. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

L’ARTISTE → qualités

Het houtsekóól is altyd in gebruik geweest, maar naaderhand het potloot tot ons gekoomen, of bekend geworden zijnde, zo oordeel ik dat veel zuiverder, en wel zo bequaam om te handelen, als het eerste; alzo het zich met kruimmelen van brood, genoegzaam uitvryven laat, wanneer het mals en goed is. Deze twee vind ik de bekwaamste om te Schetzen, alhoewel het potloot, ook uitermaaten goed is om te stellen; doch het houtsekóól, is voor de eerstelingen in het Schetzen, en ’t potloot voor die wat verder zijn, best te gebruiken.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The charcoal has always been used, but when afterwards the pencil arrived or became famous, I judge it to be more pure and just as adequate to handle, as the first; as it can easily be rubbed out with bread crumbs, if it is tender and good. I find these to the most adequate to sketch, although the pencil is also extremely good to compose; but the charcoal is best to be used by the beginners in sketching and the pencil for those who are a bit more advanced.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The charcoal has always been used, but when afterwards the pencil arrived or became famous, I judge it to be more pure and just as adequate to handle, as the first; as it can easily be rubbed out with bread crumbs, if it is tender and good. I find these to the most adequate to sketch, although the pencil is also extremely good to compose; but the charcoal is best to be used by the beginners in sketching and the pencil for those who are a bit more advanced.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The charcoal has always been used, but when afterwards the pencil arrived or became famous, I judge it to be more pure and just as adequate to handle, as the first; as it can easily be rubbed out with bread crumbs, if it is tender and good. I find these to the most adequate to sketch, although the pencil is also extremely good to compose; but the charcoal is best to be used by the beginners in sketching and the pencil for those who are a bit more advanced.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin

Het wel Schetzen, is het noodzaakelijkste, en ’t voornaamste van de geheele Teekenkonst, waarom ik vast stel, dat het zelve voor alles dient waargenomen te worden; zommige beginnen wanneer zy een Beeld voor hebben naar te tekenen, het hoofd met alles wat ‘er in hoord, ten eersten net te stellen, en vervolgens zo het heele Beeld tot onderen toe, […]

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Sketching well, is the most necessary and principal [ndr: thing] of the entire Art of Drawing, which is why I believe that it should be observed before everything else; some – when they intend to draw after a figure before them – start to compose the head with everything in it and then the whole figure until the feet, [ndr: literally: until the lower part] […]

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin

Daarom gy leergierige, neemt mijn zeggen tot u onderwyzinge terherten, en gef wel agt, in alles wat u zal voorkomen naar te tekenen, dat gy altyt op deeze volgende wys, met de afdeelinge te werk gaat, zonder Passer of Liniaal te gebruiken, maar met een vinger, of uw houtzekóól naar gissinge te meeten, leerd het oog al zachjes, tot de korrektheid gewennen; want het oog is gelijk ik gezegt heb, onze voornaamste leidsman.

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Therefore, you who are eager to learn, take my words about your instruction to heart, and pay good attention in everything that you happen to draw after, that you always work in the following manner, with the division, without using a compass or ruler, but measuring with the finger or your charcoal by guessing, teach the eye slowly to get used to the correct way; because – as I have said – the eye is the principal guide.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
CONCEPTS ESTHETIQUES → nature, imitation et vrai
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Therefore, you who are eager to learn, take my words about your instruction to heart, and pay good attention in everything that you happen to draw after, that you always work in the following manner, with the division, without using a compass or ruler, but measuring with the finger or your charcoal by guessing, teach the eye slowly to get used to the correct way; because – as I have said – the eye is the principal guide.

Conceptual field(s)

SPECTATEUR → perception et regard

Wy hebben tot nut toe niet anders voorgestelt, om wel te zeggen, als ongevulde gedaantens, dewelke gy nu vullen zult, en met de schaduwe verheeven doen schynen; als dan noemt men ’t vaste lichaamen. En dewyl men reeds (op de schaaduwe na) zo ver is, om tot de volmaaktheid der Eedele Teekenkonst te geraakten, zo is ’t voor eerst noodich, zich aan een goede, en vaste manier van Teekenen met roodaarde te gewennen, doch niet schommelen of reuselen, als zommige doen, maar met een fraaye handeling van artzeeren

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Thus far we have not be discussing anything, so to say, but the empty shapes which you will now fill and will make appear to be heightened with shadows; then one calls them solid bodies. And as one is already advanced enough (apart from the shadow), to reach the perfection of the Noble Art of Drawing, as such it is foremost necessary to get used to a good and steady manner of drawing with red earth, yet not scumbling or rousling, as some do, but with a beautiful manner of hatching.

In the French translation, this term is described as 'marquer les hacheures'. [MO]

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Thus far we have not be discussing anything, so to say, but the empty shapes which you will now fill and will make appear to be heightened with shadows; then one calls them solid bodies. And as one is already advanced enough (apart from the shadow), to reach the perfection of the Noble Art of Drawing, as such it is foremost necessary to get used to a good and steady manner of drawing with red earth, yet not scumbling or rousling, as some do, but with a beautiful manner of hatching.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → lumière

Om ’t beleggen der vlakke Schaaduwen, wijst dit ons aan, dat’er niet meer als twee over elkander geslaagen artzeeringe moeten weezen, doch des noods zynde drie, en op de Rondigheid, of wykende party, maar een. De toetzen of diepzels, is de uiterste kracht van ’t kryt of roodaarde, dezelve word gereuzelt of geschommelt, want meer als drie artzeeringe over elkanderen, is overtollig en vergeefze moeiten, zo wel in ’t teekenen als Etzen, gelyk dit voorbeeld aanwijst. [ndr: reference to an illustration]

terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] To build up flat shadows, it is advised, that there are no more than two hatchings on top of each other, if necessary three, and on the roundness, or declining parts, but one. The touches or depths are the utmost power of the crayon or read earth, it is rousled or scumbled, because more than three hatchings on top of each other is redundant and wasted effort, both in drawing as etching, as this example shows.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] To build up flat shadows, it is advised, that there are no more than two hatchings on top of each other, if necessary three, and on the roundness, or declining parts, but one. The touches or depths are the utmost power of the crayon or read earth, it is rousled or scumbled, because more than three hatchings on top of each other is redundant and wasted effort, both in drawing as etching, as this example shows.

Conceptual field(s)

CONCEPTION DE LA PEINTURE → lumière
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] To build up flat shadows, it is advised, that there are no more than two hatchings on top of each other, if necessary three, and on the roundness, or declining parts, but one. The touches or depths are the utmost power of the crayon or read earth, it is rousled or scumbled, because more than three hatchings on top of each other is redundant and wasted effort, both in drawing as etching, as this example shows.

Conceptual field(s)

MATERIALITE DE L’ŒUVRE → technique du dessin
terms translations

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] To build up flat shadows, it is advised, that there are no more than two hatchings on top of each other, if necessary three, and on the roundness, or declining parts, but one. The touches or depths are the utmost power of the crayon or read earth, it is rousled or scumbled, because more than three hatchings on top of each other is redundant and wasted effort, both in drawing as etching, as this example shows.

Conceptual field(s)

EFFET PICTURAL → qualité de la lumière