[D'après NOLDUS 2008, p. 61-62:] 1 Une belle régularité, pleine de vertus, ou Ordonnance, gouverne toute chose {L’ordonnance est nécessaire en tout ; elle est aussi observée par les Animaux.} […] 2 Pour les Peintres, l’Ordonnance peut être considérée {L’Ordonnance est nécessaire pour les Peintres.} comme indispensable car s’y trouvent condensées l’Excellence et la force des Arts, c’est-à-dire perfection, esprit et réflexion lucide, attention et expérience de la vie dans tous ses aspects. C’est pourquoi il y en a si peu dont l’Invention soit parfaite et spontanée, si peu dont nous entendons encore parler pour avoir atteint le sommet de la renommée. 3 Puisqu’il en est ainsi, ô Peintres, Faisons attention à l’Ordonnance dans notre composition principale – si c’est à l’extérieur, dans une maison ou dans une salle que nous devons placer nos figures, peu importe – et suivons les Règles, les lois inébranlables, selon ce que l’Histoire que nous projetons rendra souhaitable. 4 Car la composition d’une Figure consiste en la combinaison de plusieurs parties en un Corps compris dans son contour ou sa superficie. {La superficie est définie par le contour. Ce qu’est une Histoire ou ordonnance.} Mais l’Histoire est (par définition) une composition constituée de plusieurs Figures appropriées au sujet. Voyez, pour les poser correctement il y a sept Motus ou directions de mouvement. {Des sept Motus ou mouvements à respecter dans l’Ordonnance.} 5 Pour commencer : tendant vers le haut puis descendant vers le bas, vers la droite, vers la gauche s’éloignant de nous, venant à notre rencontre finalement, remplissant l’espace en un cercle. Mais il faudra toujours respecter la taille du support, {Respectez la taille du panneau ou de la toile.} et éviter l’impression que les figures portent le cadre, ou qu’elles sont à l’étroit, comme dans des boîtes. 6 Disposez votre peuple un peu librement, c’est plus beau. Ne laissez pas votre esprit s’égarer au point où vous faites les choses si grandes que mains et pieds touchent le cadre ou que les Figures soient à l’étroit et serrées, à cause des limites que la toile vous impose. {Que dans une petite pièce, il ne faut pas faire des figures trop grandes ou trop serrées.} Effacez, déplacez, selon ce que l’Art vous permet : vous êtes libre, ne faites pas de votre people des esclaves.

[D'après NOLDUS 2008, p. 66:] C’était une habitude du Tintoret {Exemples d’artistes connus pour leur ordonnance.} D’ordonnancer ainsi, par groupe ou amas et le Dernier Jugement de Michel Ange l’est aussi en grande partie. Quelques éléments pourtant le déshonorent, non à cause des groupes mais parce qu’il s’est trompé pour valoriser ses Figures : en ce qui concerne l’ordonnance en effet il n’y a pas de perspectives.

MICHELANGELO (Michelangelo Buonarroti), Le Jugement Dernier, 1536 - 1541, fresque, 1370 × 1220, Vatican, Cappella Sistina.

IL TINTORETTO (Jacopo Robusti)
MICHELANGELO (Michelangelo Buonarroti)

[D'après NOLDUS 2008, p. 67-68:] 24 Mais on ne peut guère conférer de grâce à une Ordonnance, à mon humble avis, en faisant couper par le cadre une partie des corps d’Hommes, Chevaux, Taureaux et Veaux ou d’autres figures, à moins qu’il n’y ait au premier plan une masse de pierres ou qualque chose de semblable qui donne l’impression de cacher une partie de la composition. 25 Cependant, si cela convient au sujet, des artistes habiles ont l’habitude d’introduire dans leurs Histoires une abondance {Qu’il faut enrichir ses Ordonnances.} de Chevaux, Chiens, ou d’autres Bêtes domestiques et aussi des animaux et oiseaux des forêts. Mais il est particulièrement agréable de regarder des jeunes Gens de bonne allure, de belles Demoiselles, des Vieillards, des Femmes mûres et toutes sortes d’Enfants qu’ils soient nouveau-né ou adolescents.

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] As such the old Masters observed these five chief principles very closely in their Paintings. I. The Historical content, that is often called the Invention or also the argument. II. The uniformity, which one commonly calls the Proportion, symmetry, analogy and harmony. III. The colour or the colouring; and in this they tend to carefully distinguish the light and shadow, as well as the sheen and darkness. IV. The life; which exists in the Action and Passion, or (to speak more clearly) in the skilled depiction of the characteristics that one discerns in the unmovable things, as well as in the lively expression of the movements that one perceives in the movable things, when these do or suffer something considerable. V. The arrangement, that one commonly tends to call the Disposition or Ordinance.

The fifth principle is that of the composition of the painting. Junius offers the terms disposition and ordinance as synonyms. In the fifth chapter of the Third Book, he elaborates on the differences between these synonyms. [MO]

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Democritus argued that the colours on by themselves are a rather futile thing, but that the mixing of them tends to excite our fantasy very much, when one finds in the competent and measured application of the colours a good composition, lovely figures and an appropriate grouping of these same figures, see Stobaeus (…). Therefore it also happens often that several figures in a scene, nothwithstanding the skillful propriety of their colours, cannot please our eyes the least; we believe to discover a horrible deformity in it, not so much because some or other failure that we recognize in the figures themselves, but rather because of the loose lack of order of the composition. This art of composing or grouping of many and different figures that meet eachother in one piece is commonly called the Disposition or Ordinance; as such it only appears to occur in paintings that consist of many and different Figures. It is however true that one also needs to observe a certain order in the pieces that only contain one Figure; and the Artist, who portrays a distinguished man in stately councilor’s clothes standing on his head, is rightfully considered to have mistreated his Art insufferably; nonetheless this objectionable disorder deserves the name of a bad order rather than of a bad Ordinance.

STOBAEUS, Joannes

The different terms that Junius uses to describe composition are: disposition (dispositie), ordinance (ordonnantie), order (geschiktheid), composition (stelling, bijeenvoeging), schickingh-konst (art of composing) and combination (t’saemenvoeghinghe). In the following paragraphs he distinguishes between some of these terms, whereas others are used interchangeably. I would like to thank Wieneke Jansen (Leiden University) for her precious assistance on this citation.[MO]

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Yet here we should first make the distinction between the Disposition that tends to spring forth from the Invention, and the other Disposition that is the work of a careful Proportion. This first Disposition or Ordinance, which has its origin in the Invention itself, is nothing else but a lively depiction of the natural order that one tends to recognize in the sequence of the occurring Invention: As such one should not expect here, that this Ordinance would bring forth something new; because it has nothing else to do, than that it attempts to competently bring together that which has already been found, that it expresses the simplicity of the natural history after life by means of an even and singular fluency. As this is a great point, as such it demands an extraordinary carefulness: Because if it had been possible for the old Masters to come up with a certain Ordinance that could be applied to all sorts of occurring situations, many would have been very excellent in grouping their figures,…

Junius distinguishes between two types of composition, although he calls them both disposition (dispositie) and ordinance (ordonnantie) interchangeably. The first type is connected to the artistic invention (inventie) and basically expresses that which is already seen in nature. It requires that the artist works with care (zorgvuldigheid) after life (naar het leven). The other type, on which Junius does not elaborate here, is related to proportion (proportie), thus suggesting the necessity of the artist’s knowledge of proportion. This paragraph is very different in the Latin edition, the explanation of the distinction between the different terms does not occur in the Latin edition and only partially in the English edition. The part after 'Oversulcks behoeft men...' is not included in the English edition. [MO]

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The largest assistance to our Ordinance lies therein, that we thoroughly understand the proposed matter, that we insistently consider that which the Invention proposes to us, accustoming our thoughts gradually to it through the steadiness of this practice, that it would imagine the true circumstances of things itself through the attention of a remarkable imagination; because our mind almost cannot grasp the historical sequence of the occurring matter, or there will immediately appear an apt and rather certain manner of Ordinance. Yet here we must, in order to make a good work, pay attention, that we attempt to immediately come to the origine of the History itself; in order that we may – after we have drank in the full record of the whole situation – quickly imagine the whole design of the matter: Because if we only realize and understand the half of the situation or in a confused way, it will never happen, something or else will always be lacking, and our Disposition will necessarily be lame and imperfect. The first thing that we have to observe in this difficult task of Ordinance, is that we fully catch the whole sequence of an ornate matter in our thoughts: It then follows that we watch the separate figures of the same matter so intently through our imagination, that it will appear to proficiently walk towards its own place through the rapidity of our working mind.

This section does not occur in the Latin edition of 1637. In the English edition, this paragraph is more concise and formulated in a different manner. The part after 'Het eerste dan 't welck ons...' is not included in the English edition. [MO]

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] […] that the Paintings, according to the statement of Philostratus {…}, receive a truly lovely harmony from so many different figures and movements; that in the end those paintings are held in higher esteem, who attempt to augment the aforementioned grace by means of an appropriate composition of so many different figures: The other Artists on the other hand, who are not at all or very little trained in the subject of Ordinance, as they know how to deal with a simple Painting [NDR: with few figures] rather well, as such they are very much at a loss when one orders them the composing and ordering of some complex pieces that are rich in figures; they tend to loose the ability that they have in the little [NDR: format] in the large [NDR: format];

PHILOSTRATOS

This section is not included in the Latin edition of 1637. [MO]

[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] …that all sorts are therefore more clever, the better their use as well as the scattered parts of it would be, if the would have competently drawn them up by means of a good order. Because like the harmony of a good Ordinance is embellished much by the excellence of things that have been assembled well, as such the disorder of a bad Disposition is made much more ugly by the decency of things that have been combined in an incompetent manner; while the grave omissions that have been committed in the order, are not only revealed in light of the things themselves, but one will likely also easily discover it from the inequality of the colours, as from the hollow unevenness of deep gaps and cracks that can be found everywhere in the open [NDR: ?] and disorderly [NDR: ?] work.

Junius places a good composition (schikking, ordonnantie) opposite a bad one. The good composition can be recognized by an overall propriety (welstand) of the painting. The bad composition, on the other hand, is characterized by disorder (onghevoeghelickheyd) and, in addition, the problem will also be mirrored in the unbalanced use of colours (onghelijckheyd der verwen) and a general unevenness or lack of balance (oneffenheid). As such, Junius describes the principle of composition as a main component of a good painting. This section is not included in the Latin edition of 1637. [MO]

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] And although much depends on being able to understand the Art of Drawing, for which much Work and pondering is necessary, to learn the Art of Illumination; yet one should know that although this Art needs all this that she does; that still many beautiful things can be made in this art, without being very learned in the Art of Drawing: such as the Fruit pieces, Banquets, Birds, and all sorts of Foliage and Flowers which are especially pleasant to the Eye and offer enough material of changeability, also to make one’s good Mind and Knowledge – which one has – familiar with it and radiate an illustrious name. The difficult things, such as Figures, Compositions, Animals and Landscapes and the like, may be began by Young Men who either lean towards more Knowledge, or have it already, after everyone is led towards these other [ndr: things] by other elements of his ingenuity; it can moreover easily happen that some Spirited Young Ladies by practicing the small tasks of the Art, would get the desire – because of the success of their labour – to penetrate further into the general parts of this Art and thus become excellent.

The introduction to the English translation does not follow the text of the original. [MO]

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Because while the Paintings often ache heavily under the different people who explain them, and have to suffer that the thoughts and the intention of the Painter, the explanation and the truth of the History, the reasoning of place, the Composition of the invention, the possibility of action, the true proportional Design, Clothing and hues, and yet other decent things, will be examined and disputed; which often gives the opportunity to find out the great or small experience of a Master, which often can be discerned in small things, yes as a careful Master has never thought of it, even less a minor spirit.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] In observing the Drawings, Sketches and Prints, they should be used with the mind and not with the hand or eye to steal bits and pieces from it, even less to ape it entirely (although this also has its use when it applied well, as we teach in our Teycken-Konst,) {The right use of the Art of Print.} and they will continue to look through the Glasses of someone else. But no, one should aim to only impress the virtues, such as the lovely manner of composition, Drawing, clever thoughts and wise observations in his mind by looking, looking again, reasoning, deliberating and ruminating, and all this by repeatedly thinking about it, preserving; as such they will be turned into your own discoveries by the functioning of your Mind, and not those of someone else: So that they may serve as wise Councilors in the composing, ordering and decorating of your inventions. And this way one will become full of thoughts, quick of composition, mature and abundant of Painterly matter:

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] It is not advisable, says Franciscus Junius, that we surrender ourselves to just one Master, to follow him in every way: Apelles doubtlessly was the most famous, yet some have surpassed him in one or another element: He may have been praised by the Old Master, but not that only he should be imitated. {How one has to choose the best of different Masters and combine it.} It would be Good to become like Apelles, but it cannot hurt if to the gracefulness of Apelles one adds the happy audacity of Zeuxis, the relentless diligence of Protogenes, the strong profoundness of Nicophanes; and the virtues of others, would be added. As such we also say, how can it hurt if we want to imitate Raphael of Urbino as a burning torch for its lovely composition, virtuous action of the figures, and great thoughts, that we attempt to obtain the good Drawing and steady contours of Carracci, Testa and the others; the gracefulness, graceful pleasance and rich Majesty of Pietro da Cortona, the wise observation of flat shadows and lights, folds and natural Coloring of Poussin, Barocci, Simon Vouet and what one judges to be worth imitating after his mood and talent, in other Masters.

APELLES
BAROCCI, Frederico
CARRACCI, Annibale
DA CORTONA, Pietro (Pietro Berrettini)
JUNIUS, Franciscus
NICOPHANES
POUSSIN, Nicolas
PROTOGENES
RAFFAELLO (Raffaello Sanzio)
TESTA, Pietro
VOUET, Simon
ZEUXIS

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Above all a Masterly Painter should also, if he wants to keep his good name, be very thoughtful and careful in all his behavior, especially with regard to his Inventions and the way he brings together the composition of his Histories, so that he would not only avoid to bring forth impossible things or those that go against Art; {A painter has to be careful and thoughtful.} but that in no case he would make things, about which the people to whom they belong or others who see them, would get a bad explanation from them, or also give cause for taunting outside the Intention of the Painter. Therefore one should always ascertain himself well of the meaning and truth of his plan, that it is based on a good opinion and an explanation consisting of reason.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] There is also another way, by which the Painter can make a Famous Name for himself: Namely that he sometimes, uses time and effort to publish some of his best composition and drawings in print: {That one can make a name for himself by publishing Prints.} Because these spread all over the world, and come into the hands of all Amateurs, and paintings usually always stay in one place, it is easy to conclude that one can become more famous by bringing some Prints into the World.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] {Start of the composition.} To start, guess the center of your original, once you have it, mark it with a dot of charcoal on your paper, then pay attention to the greatest Figures (if there is more than one) and notice how high, or which part of the Scene the cover; in which speculation you will become aware, that the long observation that you have done beforehand, will provide great assistance, to be able to guess the right distribution on your paper; {Observation to guess one’s composition well.} to which end it is also useful, that one gives the paper – or that on which one wants to draw – almost the same shape as the Painting, Print, or Drawing, of course in proportion, more or less oblong or high [ndr.: literally: in height] or square, and such, but it is unnecessary to copy it exactly, unless coincidentally, and all of this to be able to order the composition according to the Original, which takes most time when one enlarges small things or reduce big things. {How some cover the Original with a grid.} Some use a grid for this, with which they cover their Original, and similarly divide their Paper with an equal number of lines, to bring all things in the right place from field to field; that is used very easily, but like a mnemonic, with little advantage for the Youth: {Mistake of this.} Because while they come to depend on these tricks and floating devices, they will never get learned Eyes in their heads to see for themselves in which the complete knowledge and proportional connection of a beautiful Figure, or Coupling of a whole composition exists, while they always learn (to describe the situation with a word) to make parts and pieces, as they are obstructed by the grille and lines of the grid, and let their Eyes be deceived,

In the English translation, the section about the grid as a tool to transfer the composition from the original is not included. As a consequence, most selected terms are not present in the English text. [MO]

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] {Escape for a Master to transfer his composition to the Panel by means of a grid.} It is however true that a good Master who wants to transfer his Composition, after he has first drawn it neatly and comprehensively, to his Canvas or Panel, might also make a grid, but this happens mostly because of the ease, than for any other reason, because he who has first been able to make his composition first in a Drawing, can be sure to also be able to do it on a Canvas, if he would want to spend time on it; however he who is able to do it freehand, and wants to, will not be called a lesser Master because of it. {Making a frame that can be used on all occasions.} To safe the bother of having to draw lines over his Composition or sketches , or to stretch threads over it again and again, one may take a square window of adequate size, and cover it with an even grill, by means of placing black threads close to the bottom, then place your Drawing on a Panel of the same size as your Window, then attach your window on top of it with two pins, and by doing this you can make use of this grid in all sorts of occasions.

In this section, Goeree provides detailed practical advice on how to transfer the design to the canvas or panel. This section is quite different in the English translation. [MO]

[BLANC J, 2006, p. XV] Car en attendant d'être contredit, je considère hardiment que, même si elle est très appréciée, une peinture qui ne peut faire ses preuves face aux leçons de Polymnie, concernant ce qui relève de la conformité du corps humain, qui ne parvient pas suffisemment à représenter les passions de l'âme et les attitudes des membres, comme l'apprend Clio, dont la partie accessoire n'a pas les charmants ornements desquels parle Erato, qui ne possède pas la plaisante ordonnance qu'évoque Thalie, qui n'est pas colorée et touchée selon les leçons de Terpsychore, dont le soin apporté aux ombres et aux jours de Melpomène n'est pas satisfaisant, et à laquelle font défaut les Grâces de Calliope, [ndr: je considère, dis-je, que cette peinture] n'est que pure fadaise et qu'elle ne peut être considérée que comme une futile sottise, comme tous les peintres honnêtes, je le suppose, le reconnaîtront avec moi.

[BLANC J, 2006, p.188] Une ordonnance dont l'invention est [ndr: pleine de sens] et digne d'éloges ne peut jaillir que [ndr : d'une intelligence savante et lettrée]. Aucune connaissance ne doit être étrangère au peintre. Il doit connaitre toute l'Antiquité et le nombre infini des contes historiques sur le bout des doigts. [ndr : Il doit par son grand esprit être de la famille de ceux des poètes tragiques, et cela non seulement afin [ndr:de connaître] toutes les émotions de l'âme humaine mais aussi, le cas échéant, [ndr : de les exprimer]. En effet, il ne faut jamais entreprendre de représenter une figure sans y exprimer une certaine émotion ou, tout du moins, son penchant intérieur.

[BLANC J, 2006, p. 317] Divisez votre œuvre en de charmants groupes ou troupes. Afin qu’une ordonnance de grandes dimensions apparaisse vraiment grande, il est en effet nécessaire de la diviser en troupes.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] In the Art of Painting they would fit better, when they are shown more or less twisted: The Reason is that from the side, offering a well-chosen posture and moment of Observation, they properly show that they were not selected at random, originating in their own free movement, but with consideration; {The Figures should always have a coincidental posture in a composition.} which is contradicting the loose movement, which should always be seen in Figures, yes it even eliminates it.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] And as we believe to have discussed the Anatomy here with such exhaustion; as is necessary to properly compose the Figures in the Art of Drawing and Painting; however, we know that our Work might still seem too narrow, and mainly because almost all of our Lessons appear to be applicable to the posing of Single Figures, without any Coupling: such that they are often not adjustable to make them work well for the Bundle or assembly of Actions and occurrences, in which many Figures appear at once, and to each other and all together, or in different Couples and Accumulations. Likewise in this some Masters have also managed to make use of different Aids, observing well that the Figures often needed very different Actions in a Couple or Bundle, than in a single posing. To which we answer, that although these desired things are very important parts of the Art of Painting, we nevertheless have decided for many different reasons, that such a thing belongs more to the Composition and Collection of Histories than to the Anatomy; and as we have the intention, to also address that Part in due time, our modest Reader is asked to have the kindness, to have received that which we have pointed out here and there – where it was appropriate - with regard to the Actions of connected Figures on Credit; and to bear the rest long enough, as is necessary, to fulfill the payment of our promise in an appropriate manner.

[suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] To select the best and most apt of the different manners, and get used to it, we will introduce two; the first to draw after the model, the other to execute a composition. The first [ndr: is] competent and quick; for that reason, that the life or model quickly changes and cannot easily be repaired [ndr: also: but in the same pose again]. The second [ndr: is] more modest, execute with a bit more time, or handled more purely: Providing each object, more or less power as they come forward or move away. The first handled strongly, the other soft and noble: so that the former appears closer to nature and the latter hazy by a thin mist, gradually weakened and disappearing from sight. Which the draughtsman can do with crayon, pen or brush in his composition, like a painter with colours and brushes. The Engraver not excepted, doing the same, by handling tools, and feeling of the hands.

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 108-110:] Le meilleur moyen pour prévenir ce désagrément, c’est de se retirer dans un lieu tranquille, muni de papier & de crayons ; & après qu’on aura arrêté la grandeur du champ que doit remplir la composition qu’on se propose de mettre sur la toile, on commencera par en indiquer les plans & par fixer le point de vue […] Ensuite on recueillera ses esprits pour examiner le sujet qu’on projette d’exécuter, ainsi que la manière la plus convenable de le disposer, de même que de grouper les principaux personnages […] Quant aux accessoires, on ne fera que les indiquer par des points jusqu’à ce qu’on mette ensemble la composition ; car lorsque les principaux objets sont bien placés, les autres suivent d’eux-mêmes la disposition générale. Ce travail étant fini, on le reprendra pour examiner avec soin ce qu’on aura fait, en commençant de nouveau par les principales figures, & en considérant quelle est la passion qui doit les faire agir […] de quelle manière elles doivent contraster entr’elles […] On tracera tout cela sur un autre morceau de papier […] examiner quelles figures doivent rester nues, quelles autres ont besoin d’être drapées ; ce qui demande un caractère noble ou commun ; pour passer ensuite à la disposition générale des couleurs locales & à leur harmonie : de cette manière, on parviendra à terminer l’ouvrage avec une grande facilité sans se fatiguer la mémoire

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 125:] C’est par de semblables réflexions que l’on parviendra à répandre de la vérité [ndr : naturalité] & de la grâce sur un ouvrage, soit qu’il y ait un petit ou un grand nombre de figures ; & je laisse aux personnes instruites à juger de quelle importance sont ces qualités.

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 129:] Il est nécessaire que l’artiste distingue les figures qui composent son tableau [NDR : et qui ‘appartiennent’ à l’histoire] non seulement par leur attitude & leurs mouvements, mais encore par leur physionomie, tant pour marquer la différence du sexe que celle de l’âge.

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 152:] Ces sujets, dont il y en a un grand nombre, nous prouvent qu’une seule passion de l’ame suffit pour faire des riches & belles compositions, suivant les règles que nous avons indiquées, sans qu’il soit besoin de les charger de choses gratuites & inutiles

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 321:] Il est surprenant que la disposition bien entendue des couleurs qui en résulte dans une composition, soit d’histoire, de paysage, d’architecture ou de nature morte, captivant, comme on le fait, si agréablement la vue, personne n’ait encore songé à donner des principes fixes qui puissent servir à opérer cette charmante magie d’une manière sûre et invariable.

[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1787, p. 363:] Cette esquisse nous fait voir le contraste des objets, & de quelle manière il faut les disposer suivant l’art, les uns hauts, les autres bas, pour obtenir de l’accord & de la vie [NDR : litt. une convenance changeante] […] Quant à la force ou à l’effet, il consiste dans la disposition du clair contre l’obscur, & de l’obscur contre le clair ; car, excepté les couleurs, il n’y a point d’autre moyen de détacher les objets les uns des autres.

LAIRESSE, Gerard de et SCHOUTEN, Gilbert, [Figures in a landscape with architecture], estampe, dans LAIRESSE, Gerard de, Groot Schilderboek ,Waar in de Schilderkonst in al haar deelen Grondig werd onderweezen, ook door Redeneeringen en Printverbeeldingen verklaard; Met Voorbeelden uyt de beste Konst-stukken der Oude en Nieuwe Puyk-Schilderen, bevestigd: En derzelver Wel- en Mistand aangeweezen, Amsterdam, Hendrick Desbordes, 1712, 2 vol, p. 231.